CIRCULAR SCRAPER

"Discoid Scraper with convex edge",
occurs in all cultures of Northern America.
Scrapers are unifacially retouched tools usually based on a flake with a steep, wide-angled edge that is suitable for a number of tasks, including scraping hides

(scrapers were used in the preparation of animal skins, to remove meat and muscle residue from the skin, giving a clean

 inside surface to the hide), planing wood or bone, and cutting like a knife.
Discoid scrapers are formed of flint "discs", with a part of the edge, sometimes the whole, chipped into an even scraping edge,

worked from the flaking surfaces, which is fairly flat, whereas the other side, which has a cortex or scars from flaking, is more or less rounded.

AKA: Discoidal Scraper. Plate Scraper, Disk Scraper, Round Scraper,

Oval Scraper, Oval Core Scraper

COMBINATION ENDSCRAPER - SIDESCRAPER

Scrapers of this hybrid variety are usually classified as either sidescraper or endscraper according to the habit of an analyst

CONCAVE SCRAPER

 Generally seen on hafted endscrapers. The scraping edge will exhibit a concave edge.

It is felt that concave endscrapers were used as gouges.

AKA: Gouge, Concave Side, Spokeshave, Convexo-Concave Scraper, Horseshoe Convex

DENTICULATED SCRAPER

Defined as a large endscrapers with toothed (Denticulated) margins.

ENDSCRAPER

Usually a unifacial tool, made on a flake-blade or blade, with broad working edge opposite the bulbar end.

AKA: Chisel End, Trianguloid End, Triangular End, Thumbnail, Hafted Blunt, Dome End Scraper, Round Nose Scraper, Square End Scraper, Chisel End,  Distal Edge Uniface, Beaked Scrapers, and some Keeled Scrapers, Plano-Convex End Scraper, Rectangular End, Duck Bill, Transverse Scraper, Tee-End Scraper, Humped Back
 

OCCURRENCE: Multi-component

WHERE FOUND: Throughout North America

ENTERLINE SCRAPER

A form of side scraper with converging margins. The bulbar end of the flake upon which this form of scraper is made

 may be trimmed to an acute point – sometimes removing the bulb altogether.

AKA: Tear Drop

FLESHER

A long implement, often made from a section of animal long-bone or rib,

that is presumably used to remove tissue from a fresh hide.

The working edge may be toothed. Other forms may have a inserted stone tool.

AKA: Open socket, Hafted, Beamer, Shallow Hollow Bone Scraper

WHERE FOUND: Hafted specimens are found in Alaska and are often inserted with a jade or slate bit

HACHOIR

A very large sidescraper with some secondary flaking on the flat, ventral face suggesting use as a chopper.

KEELED SCRAPER

A unfacial flaked stone tool, usually and endscraper, with a ridge  that runs along its main axis.

This ridge is present on prismatic blades that have been struck from blade cores, keeled scrapers have large edge thicknesses.

AKA: Prismatic End Scraper

WHERE FOUND: Some were found at the Lind Coulee Site Washington

LIMACE

A  narrow, slug-shaped, unifacial, flaked stone tool having steep edge angles and a high dorsal surface that is often rounded. 

Tool might have been socketed and used as a chisel on hard surfaces.

AKA: Narrow Side Scrapers, Unifacially Flaked Drills, Boats, Hendricx scrapers, Flakeshaver

MICRO-SCRAPER

A unifacial tool used for scraping that is less than three centimeters in length.

1 centimeter = 10 millimeters

AKA: Pebble Scraper

PLANE

Defined as a massive, thick uniface with very steep to nearly vertical scraper retouch,

presumed to have been used in planning wood and other hard substances. The flat ventral face will exhibit polish from use.

AKA: Core, Turtle Back, Tortoise Shell, Scraper-Plane (Rabot) 2 primary types (Flake and Core/Chunk )

RAT-TAILED ENDSCRAPER

A distinctive varity of endscraper with a long “tail” or projection, which was intended for a socketed haft.

AKA: Hafted Scraper

SCRAPER

As a class, scrapers are the most common shaped tools in lithic assemblages. They are usually subdivided according to the position of the working edge and by overall shape.

(e.g., “thumbnail scraper,” “discoidal scraper, “ear-shaped,” “convergent”“ etc.)

Usually defined as a flaked stone tool used to remove the fat from the underside of a hide or to smooth wood.

Unless otherwise specified, these are generally understood to be made of stone.

AKA: Circular Scraper, Combination Endscraper-Sidescraper, Distal Edge Uniface Scraper,

Endscraper, Enterline Scraper, Keeled Scraper, Lateral Edge Uniface,

Micro-scraper, Nosed Endscraper, Sidescraper, Tabular scraper, Trianguloid End Scraper)

SIDESCRAPER

A  unifacial tool usually made on a flake, scraper retouch on one or both lateral edges.

Tools with fine, normal, continuous unifacial retouch called raclettes are sometimes lumped with sidescrapers.

AKA: Lateral Edge Uniface, Edge Scraper

SPOKESHAVE

Usually unifacial, this artifact exhibits one or more broad concavities on the edge that have been created by scraper retouch.

It is felt that concave scrapers were used to plane shafts and other surfaces.

This artifact is not to be confused with notched endscrapers where the cavities of “notches” are smaller than those of concave sidescrapers.

AKA: Concave Endscraper or Sidescraper

SPURRED SCRAPER

Usually made from a unifacial flaked stone tool having a spur created by retouching.

The most common form of spurred scraper is an endscraper with a spur at the intersection of the working end and a lateral edge.

A much rarer form are spurred sidescrapers or endscrapers with a spur at the bulbar end.

AKA: Eared, Beaked, Spurred, Pointed Side

GUN FLINTS

The gun flints, of various colors and sizes, fall into two groups: those fashioned from a flake and those from a blade.
These can be mistaken for scrapers